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Science in Russian Culture a History to 1860 Science in Russian Culture, 1861-1917 Science in Russian Culture" is a comprehensive study of the development and impact of science in Russia, focusing on the interplay between scientific advancements and cultural, political, and social contexts. The work is often associated with the historical analysis provided by Loren R. Graham, who extensively documented the evolution of Russian science from the 18th century onwards. The book explores various eras, starting from Peter the Great's efforts to modernize Russia by integrating Western scientific methods, through the Soviet period where science was heavily influenced by political ideology, to the post-Soviet era. Key themes include the role of the state in scientific progress, the influence of Russian intellectual traditions, and the impact of political upheavals on scientific inquiry and institutions. Graham highlights notable figures in Russian science, such as Mikhail Lomonosov, Dm